无论是身处学校还是步入社会，大家都尝试过写作吧，借助写作也可以提高我们的语言组织能力。那么我们该如何写一篇较为完美的范文呢？以下是勤劳的小编帮大伙儿收集的6篇吐鲁番英语作文，希望对大家有一些参考价值。
吐鲁番的英语导游词 篇一
Welcome to Turpan. When talking about Turpan, people can't help thinking of Wang Luobin, the ”king of Western singing“. His ”Turpan grapes are ripe, and anaerhan's heart is drunk“. The beautiful lyrics and moving melody bring us into a picturesque realm. Now let's go into Turpan and feel its magic charm together! Turpan's geographical characteristics → climate characteristics ”the hottest, the lowest, the driest and the sweetest“ are people's image description of Turpan, which also accurately summarizes Turpan's geographical and climatic characteristics. Tourists, let's first introduce the geographical location and topographic features of Turpan. Turpan is located in the central part of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, bordering Hami in the East, Bayinguoleng in the West and south, 183 km from Urumqi in the northwest and Changji in the north. It is about 300 kilometers long from east to west and 240 kilometers wide from north to south, covering an area of 64000 square kilometers, accounting for 4.2% of the total area of Xinjiang. The terrain is characterized by two mountains and one basin, Bogda mountain and kuluktag mountain are in the north and south, and Turpan Basin is in the middle. There are two counties and one city under its jurisdiction, namely Dushan County, Toksun county and Turpan city. The total population is about 50. The main ethnic groups are Uygur, Han, Hui, Kazak, Manchu, Russian and so on.
Turpan Basin is an olive shaped Intermountain basin in the east of Tianshan Mountains. It is surrounded by mountains, high in the north and low in the south, wide in the West and narrow in the East. Due to the Himalayan orogeny about 30 million years ago, a variety of geological structures and landforms have been formed. In the north there is Bogda peak, which is covered with snow all the year round at an altitude of 5445 meters. In the middle there is Flaming Mountain, which stretches 100 kilometers from east to west. In the Flaming Mountain, there is a famous Grape Valley 7 kilometers long. The most peculiar is Aiding Lake, which is 154 meters below sea level. It is the lowest basin in China and the second dead sea of Jordan, which is 391 meters below sea level The second lowest land in the world. Turpan Basin integrates snow mountains, river valleys, sand dunes and lakes, just like a giant landscape painting, which makes people stop and linger.
Because of its unique geographical environment, Turpan has become the place with the highest temperature in summer in China. From June to August every year, the average temperature here ranges from 35 ℃ to 37 ℃, the extreme maximum temperature reaches 49.6 ℃, and the surface temperature exceeds 70 ℃. Therefore, people describe it as ”a place where eggs can be baked in sand nest and big cakes can be baked on stone slab“. When our cars travel through the village, we can also see such a novel phenomenon, that is, every family's bed is placed outside the house, which is how the local residents spend the hot summer. Therefore, it is appropriate for people to call Turpan ”Huozhou“ since ancient times. However, although the absolute temperature here is very high, the temperature difference between day and night is large. In addition, there are often strong winds in the basin. Even if it is extremely hot during the day, once the sun sets and night falls, the temperature will gradually cool down. Especially in spring and autumn, the temperature difference is more obvious,
Just like two seasons, ”wearing fur coat in the morning and yarn in the afternoon“ is a true portrayal of the climate characteristics of Turpan Basin.
Turpan is dry and rainless. Almost 10 months of the year, there is no rain or snow. The average annual precipitation is 16.6 mm, but the evaporation is as high as 3000 mm. The precipitation season is mainly in summer. The climate of Turpan Basin is often described as ”dry without rain“ because of small rainfall, coarse raindrop and short precipitation time. As a part of precipitation, snowfall is rare in Turpan Basin. The average snowfall in winter is less than 2mm. However, the year-round snow on Bogda mountain provides endless water for the basin. By digging the Kaner well, the local people lead the melting water from the snow mountain to the ground through the underground flow, irrigate the fertile land, and breed a vibrant desert oasis.
The closed basin, thin cloud cover, strong solar radiation and extremely high temperature form abundant heat resources. In Turpan Basin, where the sky is high and the clouds are light, the annual sunshine hours are more than 3000 hours. Abundant heat resources provide an ideal environment for the growth of thermophilic crops such as melons, fruits and cotton. For example, Turpan Grape, which is famous at home and abroad, has a history of more than 2000 years and has more than 300 varieties. After testing, the sugar content of Turpan Grape is as high as 22% - 26%, which is higher than that of California grape (20%) with the highest sugar content. Turpan Grape is the sweetest grape in the world. Tourists, after introducing the geography of Turpan, let's review its history
Turpan, known as Gaochang, Xizhou and Huozhou in ancient times, became the political, economic and cultural center of the western regions more than 2000 years ago in the Western Han Dynasty, and was a famous town on the ancient Silk Road. The former state of Cheshi, built by local Cheshi people, once dominated here for a while. In the Jin Dynasty, it was the location of the capital of the western regions, where the ”Gaochang county“ was established. After the fall of Gaochang Kingdom, the Tang Dynasty set up ”Xizhou“ here. In Song Dynasty, the Uighur people moved westward and established the kingdom of Gaochang. In Yuan and Ming Dynasties, ”Huozhou“ and ”Hezhou“ were established. Zhili Hall of Turpan was set up in Qing Dynasty. Turpan county was set up in 1913. In 1985, the county was removed and Turpan city was established. Turpan was also one of the earliest regions in Xinjiang to open to the outside world. Since the Han and Tang Dynasties, foreign exchanges have been very frequent. Businessmen, monks and envoys from the Central Plains to India, Persia and the Mediterranean coast have come in an endless stream, leaving Turpan with many beautiful legends. Tourists, coming to Turpan, seem to have read a thick historical picture. There are the ancient cities of Jiaohe and Gaochang, which are full of the vicissitudes of war, the exquisite and gorgeous frescoes of bazkrik dry Buddha cave, the ancient tombs of Astana, which is known as the underground museum, and the Sugong pagoda, which is an ancient building with Islamic style. They show people the historical features of different times. History has left Turpan not only ruins, but also a long culture. The folk customs here are rich and colorful, and the people here are enthusiastic and good at singing and dancing. If at night in Turpan Hotel grape rack, while tasting fruits, while enjoying ”wheat“
The ”seraph“ party will definitely make you feel relaxed and happy. Tourists, this is the general situation of Turpan. Maybe some tourists have to say that after talking for a long time, I haven't expressed the Chinese meaning of ”Turpan“. Yes, Turpan is a Turkic language, which means ”rich and fertile place“. After listening to the translation of the name and comparing with the previous introduction, do you have the same feeling? I hope Turpan, a beautiful and rich place, can add more fun to your travel.
2 tour guide to the thousand Buddha cave in bozikrik The special geographical location of the Silk Road makes Xinjiang an important channel for cultural exchanges between the East and the West. Therefore, religious art in Xinjiang is very prosperous, and all major religions have a place here. In addition to Islam, Nestorianism and Manichaeism, Buddhism has the most far-reaching influence. Caves and stone carvings all over Xinjiang fully prove this. Today we are going to visit Is located in the middle of the flame mountain gorge in the baizikrik thousand Buddha cave. Origin of the name → historical status → general situation of the caves
Bozikrik thousand Buddha cave, known as ”ningrong Grottoes“ in Tang Dynasty, is located in mutougou gorge of Huoyan mountain, about 60 km northeast of Turpan City, only 15 km south of the old city of Gaochang. It is one of the larger and famous Buddhist grottoes in Xinjiang. Bozikrik means ”hillside“ in Uighur and ”decorative painting“ in Turkic.
Bozikrik thousand Buddha cave was first excavated in the late Northern and Southern Dynasties, namely the Qushi Gaochang state (ad
During the seven centuries of Tang, Five Dynasties, song and Yuan Dynasties, it was one of the Buddhist centers in the western regions. Gaochang Uighur period (9th-13th century A.D.) is the most prosperous period of the grottoes. Therefore, the thousand Buddha cave in bozikrik is considered as ”the most important, the most abundant, the most complete and the most representative art treasure house in Uighur Buddhist art“. Tourists, now we come to the thousand Buddha Cave Scenic Area. There are 83 caves and 77 existing numbered caves. Among them, there are more than 40 caves with residual murals. The total area of murals is 1200 square meters. It is the largest number of caves and the most abundant murals in Turpan. There are various forms of grottoes, such as horizontal top straight cave, central pillar cave, square double set cave and dome square cave, and some built temples and Buddha platform in the middle of the grottoes.
Walking down the steps at the entrance, we can see more than a dozen caves open to tourists. The light in the caves is not very strong, and the mottled pictures on the inner wall of the arch can be seen faintly. Each line is depicted in detail. The ribbons of the characters are very dynamic, but many of the characters are incomplete, which is a pity.
The frescoes in the bozikrik Grottoes mainly include the ”Buddha“ with a large-scale portrait of Buddha as the center
The purpose of these paintings is to glorify the Buddhist Dharma for worshiping good men and women. From the 6th century to the 12th century, it has always been an important place for Buddhism in Gaochang kingdom. Many inscriptions in ancient Huique script, Chinese script and Baltic script are still preserved in the grottoes, which are valuable materials for studying ancient scripts. The architectural style and painting skills of the grottoes are also of high research value. In 1982, the thousand Buddha cave in bozikrik was listed as a national key cultural relic protection unit.
Tourists, let's first visit cave 16. Cave 16 was excavated in the middle Tang Dynasty. There is a picture of Jiyue in the cave. In the picture, xiaohulei, an ancient musical instrument, appeared for the first time in Chinese Buddhist caves. Hulei, also known as the dragon head pipa, originated from Nanzhao music of Tang Dynasty. It is shaped like a pear with a stick, a dragon head with two strings, a boa skin covering the abdomen, and a sandalwood groove. Its authentic products are now stored in the Palace Museum of Beijing. Next, let's look at caves 17 and 18. These two caves are the earliest in the whole Grottoes group, which were excavated in the late Northern and Southern Dynasties from the 6th to 7th century. Let's first take a look at the mural ”hell changes“ in cave 17, which is very similar to the painting of Mani's teaching aid mansion, which is rare in China. There is a big lotus flower in the center of the top of cave 18, which is filled with geometric patterns such as triangle and four leaves in the middle. It is elegant and solemn, with national characteristics.
Next, let's visit cave 20. The murals in the grottoes show images of the Uighur king and queen of Gaochang. The Uighur king of Gaochang was wearing a lotus petal shaped crown, a round collar wide sleeve robe, a middle belt, black boots and other daily necessities. The queen is plump, wearing a crown and a red coat with lapels and narrow sleeves. The color of the portrait is gorgeous, the lines are smooth and the drawing is exquisite. Beside the portrait is the inscription of Huique. This group of murals is highly artistic and is one of the representative works of the whole thousand Buddha cave murals. Unfortunately, the original mural is on display in the Berlin Museum in Germany, and the color photos on display in the cave are based on the original. The frescoes in cave 38 are different from those before. They are about ancient Manichaeism. There are three trees in the frescoes behind the grottoes, under which there are many images of monks and nuns dressed in white and feathered people with wings, which show respect for Manichaeism. Manichaeism is a religion founded by Persian Mani, also known as Mingjiao, which worships the God of light. From the 9th century to the 12th century, Gaochang Uighur kingdom was the center of Manichaeism in the world. Manichaeism once became the state religion of Gaochang Uighur kingdom. Then we come to cave 82 and 83, which is under ganfo cave and beside muugou. This is a small commemorative shadow cave specially built for Buddhist eminent monks during the reign of emperor Gaochang in the 10th and 11th centuries A.D. A pottery relic box and a gold foil wrapping paper used by Buddhists were unearthed here. The ink mark on it indicates that the gold foil shop was located in the south of taihelou street in Hangzhou in Song Dynasty. This gold foil wrapping paper proves that Gaochang Uighur kingdom had quite close economic and trade contacts with the Song Dynasty from the 11th to the 12th century.
Tourists, from the murals of the thousand Buddha cave in bozikrik, we can see Xinjiang Buddhism
The long history of culture makes us have a deeper understanding of the broad and profound culture of Xinjiang. The past of Xinjiang is brilliant, and we believe that the future of Xinjiang will be more brilliant.
吐鲁番概况导游词 篇二
吐鲁番市位于新疆维吾尔自治区中东部，吐鲁番地理位置天山支脉博格达峰南麓，吐 鲁番盆地中部。东邻鄯善县；西接托克逊县；南抵库鲁克山与尉犁县相连；北至天山分水岭，与乌鲁木齐、奇台、吉木萨尔等县毗连。有维吾尔、汉、回等民族。
地势北高南低中间凹，火焰山自西而东横贯盆地中部，山前是戈壁、中部是低洼平原，南部山丘、戈壁、荒漠三种类型兼有。艾丁湖是我国大陆最低处(海拔-154米)。水资源有天山水系、火焰山水系、坎儿井水系等。属典型温带大陆性气候，气候干燥少雨，太阳辐射强，夏季高温多风。年均气温13.9℃，年均降水16毫米。
吐鲁番市主要景点有：交河故城、高昌故城、阿斯塔那古墓群、火焰山、葡萄沟、苏公塔、艾丁湖、坎儿井、吐峪沟麻扎村、库木塔格大沙漠、柏孜克里克千佛洞、连木沁唐朝烽燧台遗址。
坎儿井导游词1100字 篇三
新疆坎儿井至今已有20xx年的历史的古代水利工程，是一项伟大的发明，是吐鲁番绿洲的生命之源，被人们誉为“奇迹”。它与长城、京杭大运河相媲美，被称为中国古代三大工程；与四川的都江堰、广西的灵渠并列，被誉为中国古代三大水利工程。
坎儿井由暗渠、竖井、明渠、涝坝(蓄水池)等四个部分组成，它的主体深藏于地表之下，又分积水段和输水段。
暗渠一般高度为1.5米至1.7米，宽度为0.6至0.7米，总长5公里左右，最长的可达到20公里。全新疆坎儿井最多时达到1784条，暗渠总长度为5272公里，竖井总数为172367眼，年出水量为8.58亿立方米。目前全疆有水坎儿井只剩下614条，年出水量仅剩3.01亿立方米，其中，吐鲁番地区有水坎儿井404条，年出水量2.31亿立方米，在一些乡村仍然是灌溉、饮水和维持生态的主要水源。
为向国内外宣传、介绍坎儿井的历史、文化及其在干旱区生态环境中的作用，新疆坎儿井研究会于1992年在吐鲁番投资兴建了坎儿井乐园。新成立时乐园内有陈列着反应坎儿井历史的书画、图片、模型、实物、以及国家和自治区领导题词的坎儿井展厅，近十亩葡萄园和以一个竖井为主的坎儿井暗渠参观点。是规模小、设施比较简落、知名度不太高的一个旅游景点。经过十多年的滚动发展，尤其是近几年来按照已批准的总体规划进行建设、提高服务质量和人员素质，成了全疆乃至全国著名的旅游景点。
坎儿井乐园内有三条坎儿井，主要参观的坎儿井暗渠选择在最具典型的、有820xx年历史的米依木·阿吉坎儿井的下游部分，游客在十几米地下的、绝对安全的100米参观通道内领略坎儿井暗渠和竖井的原貌。坎儿井是古代水利工程、历史文化遗产，坎儿井乐园又是坎儿井研究会创办的旅游景点，因此我们的特点是在创造经济效益的同时，尽量让国内外游客真正的了解坎儿井的历史，它的伟大以及没有坎儿井就没有吐鲁番绿洲文明这样一个事实。因此乐园内的每一个参观项目与坎儿井和他的历史有关，乐园大门很形象地反映坎儿井的全貌，是一个坎儿井的缩影；两座木制“高车桥”反映坐着高轮车、喝着坎儿井水寻找幸福的古代吐鲁番“高车人”的生活情景；新落成的坎儿井博物馆以图片、动态模型、事物等通俗的方式展现了坎儿井的结构、分布、功能、历史演变、研究成果、各级领导的关怀等内容，为人们能够大体了解坎儿井提供了一个较为简便的途径。坎儿井施工展示区反映坎儿井地面施工的全部过程；葡萄园内游客品尝用坎儿井水浇灌的葡萄；还有葡萄晾房、葡萄长廊、维吾尔歌舞演出场等景观。在坎儿井乐园内到处都洋溢着坎儿井文化气氛和有关坎儿井的娱乐活动，他是独具特色的旅游景点，是向全世界介绍坎儿井历史文化的窗口。是向青少年们介绍先辈们的勤劳、智慧，对他们进行爱国主义教育的重要基地。
坎儿井乐园20xx年被评为国家aaa级旅游景区，20xx年被评为全国十里风景区。
坎儿井导游词2000字 篇四
各位游客：
来到吐鲁番，人们不禁会问：素有“火洲”、“风库”之称，气候极端干燥的地方，怎么会出现大片的绿洲？其中有什么奥秘呢？奥秘就是分布在新疆大地上的坎儿井群，它犹如人体的血脉，延展到茫茫戈壁，灌溉了新疆的大片土地。奇妙的坎儿 井，又在吐鲁番分布最广，成为生命之泉，常绿之源，浇灌着吐鲁番滴翠的葡萄和甘甜的瓜。下面就让我们一起去参观这一举世闻名的灌溉工程。
坎儿井的结构→坎儿井的建造方法
游客们，现在我们来到了坎儿井乐园，首先请跟我前往坎儿井博物馆去了解一下坎儿井的建造情况。
坎儿井是生活在新疆的各族劳动人民根据本地气候、水文特点创造出来的一种地下引水工程，新疆大约有坎儿井1600条，其中以吐鲁番最多最集中，据统计，吐鲁番的坎儿井 共有1158条，总长约5000公里，相当于从乌鲁木齐到哈尔滨的里程。坎儿井堪称中国古代最伟大的地下水利工程之一，被地理学界的专家称为“地下运河”，并与长城、京杭大运河合称为我国古代三大工程。
对于坎儿井您可能早有所闻，不过对它的结构也许不很清楚，现在我就向大家介绍一下。坎儿井古称“井渠”，坎儿也就是“井穴”的意思，由立井(竖井)、暗渠(地下渠道)、明渠(地表渠道)和涝坝(蓄水池)四部分组成。
坎儿井之所以能在吐鲁番大量修建，是与这里的自然条件分不开的。首先吐鲁番盆地地势很低，低于海平面以下的面积就有2085平方公里，而且吐鲁番四面环山，每年高山上的积雪大量融化后流入山谷。当雪水流经戈壁时便渗入地下形成潜流，这就给坎儿井提供了丰富的水源。
那坎儿井又是怎样建成的呢？请看：坎儿井的建造方法是在高山峡谷地带的雪水潜流处，寻找到水源，然后每隔20米至30米打一眼竖井，井深十米至几十米不等，将地下水汇聚，以增大水势，再依地势高下，在井底凿通暗渠，沟通各井，引流直下，一直连接到遥远的绿洲，才将水由明渠引出地面，加以灌溉。涝坝则是一个调节水量的蓄水池。一条坎儿井，一般长约3公里，最长者往往是几条坎儿井相连达几十甚至上百公里，其间竖井少则几十口，多则三百余口。上游的竖井较深，个别可达100米上下，下游的较浅，一般仅数米。坎儿井的作用是避免水分蒸发，这项工程实属适应干燥气候特点的一种伟大创举。尤其让人称道的是，当地人民全凭双手和简单的工具，凿打深井，掏挖地下渠，其工程之浩大，构造之巧妙，让人叹为观止。
我想请大家回忆一下，当我们乘车临近吐鲁番市时，就在那郁郁葱葱的绿洲的外围戈壁上，可以看见顺坡而下的一堆一堆的圆土包，有序地伸向绿洲。那些就是坎儿井的竖井口。假如大家从高空俯视，那些土堆宛如珍珠串结的项链，装点着吐鲁番这个古老却仍青春焕发的地方。
各位游客，下面我们再来谈谈坎儿井的建造原因。由于新疆地区干旱少雨，蒸发量大，而坎儿井是地下暗渠输水，蒸发量小而流量稳定，可以常年自流灌溉，加上这里的土属钙质黏土，挖好的坎儿井很坚固，不易倒塌。高山上雪水温度很低，若直接灌溉对农作物生长不利，而吐鲁番地表温度很高，雪水流经坎儿井后温度自然上升，很适合浇灌农作物。因此，新疆各族人民在长期与干旱的斗争中，发明了这种凿井灌田的方法。一道坎儿井就是一眼不枯的清泉，道道坎儿井，构成了火洲的生命线和命脉，使新疆这个降雨稀少的地方有了水源的积聚，从而成为新疆人民生活中不可缺少的生命之泉。
关于吐鲁番坎儿井的起源历来有三种说法：一种是汉代 关中井渠说。这种观点认为汉代时人们发明的“井渠法”传入新疆，发展成为现在的坎儿井。第二种说法是跟林则徐有关。清末林则徐被充军新疆后，1845年经过吐鲁番，察觉当地炎热少雨，于是就细查地势水源，引导新疆人民根据自己所处的自然地理特点，发明了这种凿井灌田的方法。第三种观点认为坎儿井是2520xx年前由西亚波斯人首创而后传人新疆的。当然，这三种观点都有待考证。
但我想告诉大家的是，坎儿井在地球上的分布是与沟通东西方文化的丝绸之路联系在一起的。比如在巴基斯坦、伊朗及里海沿岸，人们都发现了坎儿井。所以我们说坎儿井是世界文化遗产中的一颗明珠，是毫不过分的。直到今天，坎儿井还在为新疆吐鲁番的农业发展起着举足轻重的作用。
坎儿井明渠→坎儿井暗渠
参观完坎儿井博物馆，走出馆外，可见道旁明澈的清泉，这便是坎儿井明渠中流淌出的雪山纯水，它晶莹碧透，倘若您伸手触及，便会感到凉意阵阵，真是“晶晶亮，透心凉”。
坎儿井的暗渠要从洞中进入方可看到，只见渠水汩汩流 淌，让人感到无比欣喜。这样的井渠在整个新疆大地有上千个之多，其地下河道总长度加起来比万里长城还要长一倍，也远远超过了京杭大运河，成为“地下运河”。
游客们，今天的坎儿井，不仅是重要的水利设施，更是中外游客乐于观赏的一大人文景观。尤其是坎儿井乐园内的一台充满新疆维吾尔族浓郁风情的民族歌舞表演，会使您心神荡漾。那明快的节奏，轻盈的旋律，热烈奔放的情绪，使您在欣赏之余，会情不自禁地加入他们的行列，学着维吾尔姑娘和小伙子的模样边唱边跳，感受这歌舞之乡的纯真乐趣。
各位游客，坎儿井乐园内那咳亮悠扬的歌声已经唱响，下面就请大家赶快前去欣赏吧！
坎儿井导游词1500字 坎儿井导游词讲解 篇五
游客们，现在我们来到了坎儿井乐园，首先请跟我前往坎儿井博物馆去了解一下坎儿井的建造情况。
坎儿井是生活在新疆的各族劳动人民根据本地气候、水文特点创造出来的'一种地下引水工程，新疆大约有坎儿井1600条，其中以吐鲁番最多最集中，据统计，吐鲁番的坎儿井共有1158条，总长约5000公里，相当于从乌鲁木齐到哈尔滨的里程。坎儿井堪称中国古代最伟大的地下水利工程之一，被地理学界的专家称为“地下运河”，并与长城、京杭大运河合称为我国古代三大工程。
对于坎儿井您可能早有所闻，20xx年05月25日，坎尔井地下水利工程被国务院批准列入第六批全国重点文物保护单位名单。不过对它的结构也许不很清楚，现在我就向大家介绍一下。坎儿井古称“井渠”，坎儿也就是“井穴”的意思，由立井(竖井)、暗渠(地下渠道)、明渠(地表渠道)和涝坝(蓄水池)四部分组成。
坎儿井之所以能在吐鲁番大量修建，是与这里的自然条件分不开的。首先吐鲁番盆地地势很低，低于海平面以下的面积就有20xx平方公里，而且吐鲁番四面环山，每年高山上的积雪大量融化后流入山谷。当雪水流经戈壁时便渗入地下形成潜流，这就给坎儿井提供了丰富的水源。
那坎儿井又是怎样建成的呢？请看：坎儿井的建造方法是在高山峡谷地带的雪水潜流处，寻找到水源，然后每隔20米至30米打一眼竖井，井深十米至几十米不等，将地下水汇聚，以增大水势，再依地势高下，在井底凿通暗渠，沟通各井，引流直下，一直连接到遥远的绿洲，才将水由明渠引出地面，加以灌溉。涝坝则是一个调节水量的蓄水池。一条坎儿井，一般长约3公里，最长者往往是几条坎儿井相连达几十甚至上百公里，其间竖井少则几十口，多则三百余口。上游的竖井较深，个别可达100米上下，下游的较浅，一般仅数米。坎儿井的作用是避免水分蒸发，这项工程实属适应干燥气候特点的一种伟大创举。尤其让人称道的是，当地人民全凭双手和简单的工具，凿打深井，掏挖地下渠，其工程之浩大，构造之巧妙，让人叹为观止。
我想请大家回忆一下，当我们乘车临近吐鲁番市时，就在那郁郁葱葱的绿洲的外围戈壁上，可以看见顺坡而下的一堆一堆的圆土包，有序地伸向绿洲。那些就是坎儿井的竖井口。
假如大家从高空俯视，那些土堆宛如珍珠串结的项链，装点着吐鲁番这个古老却仍青春焕发的地方。
各位游客，下面我们再来谈谈坎儿井的建造原因。由于新疆地区干旱少雨，蒸发量大，而坎儿井是地下暗渠输水，蒸发量小而流量稳定，可以常年自流灌溉，加上这里的土属钙质黏土，挖好的坎儿井很坚固，不易倒塌。高山上雪水温度很低，若直接灌溉对农作物生长不利，而吐鲁番地表温度很高，雪水流经坎儿井后温度自然上升，很适合浇灌农作物。因此，新疆各族人民在长期与干旱的斗争中，发明了这种凿井灌田的方法。
值得一提的是，林则徐在新疆垦荒中，还推广了“坎儿井”这一令人赞叹的水利工程。林则徐虽不是“坎儿井”的发明者，但他提倡和推广“坎儿井”是有大功的。在林则徐的大力推动下，吐鲁番、鄯善、托克逊新挖“坎儿井”300多道，大量久荒的土地变成沃壤。林则徐还把“坎儿井”推广到南疆、东疆。为感念林则徐这一功绩，群众把“坎儿井”改称“林公井”，赞誉他是“吾乡之伟大人物哉！”并树碑让世代传颂。
参观完坎儿井博物馆，走出馆外，可见道旁明澈的清泉，这便是坎儿井明渠中流淌出的雪山纯水，它晶莹碧透，倘若您伸手触及，便会感到凉意阵阵，真是“晶晶亮，透心凉”。
坎儿井的暗渠要从洞中进入方可看到，只见渠水汩汩流淌，让人感到无比欣喜。这样的井渠在整个新疆大地有上千个之多，其地下河道总长度加起来比万里长城还要长一倍，也远远超过了京杭大运河，成为“地下运河”。
既然关于坎儿井有那么多的故事，我们就好好地感受当地人智慧和劳动的结晶吧。
吐鲁番景区导游词 篇六
吐鲁番景区导游词
各位游客：
你们好！
人们称“南京，武汉，重庆”为三大火炉，而我们吐鲁番在6-8月间平均气温高出它们8-10摄氏度。因此人们传说：“吐鲁番的县太爷是坐在水缸里办公的，当然，这不过是一个笑话，但在热沙中做热疗，在石头上烙面饼，在沙窝中烤鸡蛋，却并不是虚传。盆地因内热外寒而形成大风，4-7月间年刮8级以上大风30多次，因此又有了”陆地风库“的称谓，三大风口之一的达坂城是天山风口，马上就要到了。请男士们稍加注意，前方我们即将驶入世界级民歌王——王洛滨老先生的歌中唱到的达坂城了。擦亮眼睛看看达坂城的姑娘到底是不是”两只眼睛真漂亮”，看到了美丽的姑娘吗？没有，那一定是她们害羞躲起来了，要不，都被过往的游客们娶走了。王老的这首歌，人人都爱唱，可是我们当地的维族同胞对王老有点意见啊！他们说：“王老把我们写得太傻了太不懂经济核算了，姑娘嫁给你就够可以了，还把妹妹再赔上，你们也太贪了”。你说有意思没意思？请大家注意看，窗外的树为什么都向一边歪着？对了，这是百里风区，风口地段，大风常年向一个方向吹的结果。据说，达坂城的男子们的胡子也是向一个方向歪着的，不信？你们找找看。
吐鲁番以“四最”而名扬天下，您知道是哪“四最”吗？最低，最干，最热，最甜。最低是指什么呢？它是指吐鲁番盆地的低洼地——艾丁湖，低于海平面154米，是世界第二低洼池，仅次于死海。最干就是指降水量最小，因为雨还未下到地面上，在半空中就被蒸发干了。最热呢，我们一会儿到了火焰山，你就会亲自体验到什么才叫热。那么，我有一个问题：广州素称“花城”，济南为“泉城”，那么吐鲁番是叫什么城呢？对，叫葡萄城。也许你们中的不少人就是被一曲“吐鲁番的葡萄熟了”召唤来的。的确，能够品尝一串葡萄世界冠军——吐鲁番无核白葡萄，未必不是一件能炫耀平生的快事。美国加州的客人曾万里迢迢来到吐市，专门考证出：吐鲁番的葡萄含糖量世界第一。有民谣说：“吐鲁番的葡萄，哈密的瓜，吐城的石榴顶呱呱，库尔勒的香梨人人夸。到了新疆，大家想不想做一天的新疆人？好，我现在教你们几句在新疆地区能常用到的话，这也是今后向亲朋介绍的资本。”亚克西姆塞斯——你好”，“势合曼提——谢谢！”，在巴扎上，如果你能给维召尔史弟一定会少要你的“铺路子”——钱的。
这里就是让人们“日啖葡萄三百颗，不辞长作高昌人”的葡萄沟，这高昌人便是今天的吐鲁番人。看，这是马的葡萄，这是玫瑰红，这种就是最具盛誉的无核白，你们可以亲自摘下来品尝，是不是一尝忘不掉？这里的葡萄每5米种一株，现在年产早已超过5450吨，这葡萄长廊也超过6公里长，是不是神仙也不一定见过如此佳景，品尝如此美味？满目绿色，凉爽宜人，品这葡萄甜而不腻，想不想住在这“世界最甜的地方”?今天咱们吃不了葡萄可以兜着走，吐鲁番的美景还多着呢，咱们还得抓紧时间去感受。吐鲁番地区在5-9月旅游黄金季节，日温差大，6-8月间温差可达20摄氏度，所以人们常说“早穿皮袄午穿纱”。帮此这里的葡萄水果最甜。好了，到了吐鲁番不去一趟热极——火焰山体验酷热，多少有点枉来一趟吐市。是不是心动，那上车付诸于行动吧，马上开往火焰山。
传说中有作恶多端的巨龙被上苍用利剑劈成了十截，它就是我们今天的火焰山下十道沟。现在我们走的正是其中的一道沟，叫做木头沟。从这里你们往前方看，那有一横卧的百里赤龙，起伏的山体上寸草不生，只有如烟似雾的气流滚滚上长，像不像团团烈火在燃烧，动感十足。这就是《西游记》中唐僧四人被困的火焰山，火焰连绵百里，要不要下车去感受一下，什么叫干蒸？刚才的那段搓板路已让我们体验了免费按摩，现在是另一种体验了。《西游记》中有一段文字是这样描述的：“八晨里火焰，四周寸草不生，若进得山，就是铜脑盖，铁身躯，也要化成汗哩。”怎么样？是不是觉得有点口干舌燥，嗓底冒烟，热风考脸，卟底发烫，瞳仁发疼，火烧火燎的热感。这里是唐僧师徒四人取经路过此地时的拴马桩，那里是新近建成的大漠馆，想和唐僧四人合影留念的请抓紧时间，当心不要太亲近火焰山，千万别被卷入到那火山云当中去，孙大圣可来不及现身去营救的。开个玩笑，不过如果没有孙悟空借到的`芭蕉扇，这太上老君当年炼丹炉里的火炭，怕是要烧到天边去了，只怕唐僧也难取回真经。好了，上车去喝坎儿井的甜水，热情的吐鲁番人民在广场举行的麦西来甫歌舞会快开始了，我们可以一展歌喉，小试舞姿，看看新疆舞的魅力，学两招。前方拐弯处，开窗的游客一定会感受到凉爽了许多。对，有水有绿色，我们殃在到了木头沟河床的底部，那是一片高耸的白桦树，枝叶葱绿，一条溪流平缓流淌，是啊，有水环绕着的地方就被湿润滋生得郁郁葱葱，这就是西部的特色。这一段行程和刚才火焰山的热恍若隔世，这是大自然的鬼斧神工，对比强烈的生态环境真让人咋舌，真的不看不知道，新疆真奇妙。山脉，沙漠，戈壁，绿洲竟能如此和谐相生，那绿树丛中隐约可见的几片断崖上，猜想一定有人的气息。太对了，那里便是著名的柏孜克里克千佛洞，壁画已严重损坏，但那繁荣与沧桑却是历史的明证。您是否听到了悠远的古道驼铃声呢？出了千佛洞，我们现在返回广场——西北最大的人民广场，去参加麦西来甫盛会，去品尝维吾尔民族风味小吃。