越考考研：2016考研英语考前冲刺预测题

　
下面是越考考研老师为大家分享的2016考研英语考前冲刺预测题：希望对大家有帮助。2017年考研的同学也可以看下，这样也能充分了解到今年的提醒究竟是怎样的。
SectionⅡReadingComprehension
　　PartA
　　Directions:
　　Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)
　　Text1
　　Thereweresomeconsistentpatternsamongtheheavierreaders:Fortheyoungerchildren—ages6to11—beingreadaloudtoregularlyandhavingrestrictedonlinetimewerecorrelatedwithfrequentreading;fortheolderchildren—ages12to17—oneofthelargestpredictorswaswhethertheyhadtimetoreadontheirownduringtheschoolday.
　　Thefindingaboutreadingaloudtochildrenlongaftertoddlerhoodmaycomeasasurprisetosomeparentswhoreadbookstochildrenatbedtimewhentheywereveryyoungbutthentaperedoff.Lastsummer,theAmericanAcademyofPediatricsannouncedanewpolicyrecommendingthatallparentsreadtotheirchildrenfrombirth.
　　“Alotofparentsassumethatoncekidsbegintoreadindependently,thatnowthatisthebestthingforthemtodo,”saidMaggieMcGuire,thevicepresidentforawebsiteforparentsoperatedbyScholastic.Butreadingaloudthroughelementaryschoolseemedtobeconnectedtoaloveofreadinggenerally.Accordingtothereport,41percentoffrequentreadersages6to10werereadaloudtoathome,whileonly13percentofinfrequentreaderswerebeingreadto.
　　Ofcourse,childrenwholovetoreadaregenerallyimmersedinhouseholdswithlotsofbooksandparentswholiketoread.Sowhileparentswhoreadtotheirchildrenlaterinelementaryschoolmayencouragethosechildrentobecomefrequentreadersontheirown,suchbehaviorcanalsoresultfrom“awholeconstellationofotherthingsthatgoesoninthosefamilies,”saidTimothyShanahan,apastpresidentoftheInternationalReadingAssociation.
　　Thereisnotyetstrongresearchthatconnectsreadingaloudatolderagestoimprovedreading
　　comprehension.Butsomeliteracyexpertssaidthatwhenparentsorteachersreadaloudtochildrenevenaftertheycanreadthemselves,thechildrencanhearmorecomplexwordsorstoriesthantheymighttacklethemselves.
　　“It’sthisideaofmarinatingchildreninhigher-levelvocabulary,”saidPamAllyn,founderofLitWorld.Org,anonprofitgroupthatworkstoincreaseliteracyamongyoungpeople.“Theread-aloudcanreallyliftthechild.”Otherliteracyexpertssaytherealvalueofreadingtochildrenishelpingtodevelopbackgroundknowledgeinallkindsoftopicsaswellasexposuretosophisticatedlanguage.
　　21.Itcanbeinferredfromthefirstparagraphthat_______.
　　[A]theyoungerchildrenandtheolderchildrenhavethesamereadingpatterns
　　[B]fortheyoungerchildren,beingreadaloudregularlyisgoodtotheirschooldays
　　[C]fortheolderchildren,havingtimetoreadindependentlyisveryimportant
　　[D]fortheolderchildren,havingrestrictedonlinetimeisgoodtodevelopreadinghabits
　　22.Thephrase“taperedoff”(Para.2)probablymeans_______.
　　[A]stoppedhalfway
　　[B]declinedgradually
　　[C]turnedoff
　　[D]readoccasionally
　　23.Theauthormentions“thereport”inParagraph3toshowthat_______.
　　[A]readingaloudthroughelementaryschoolisrelatedtochildren’sreadinghabits
　　[B]MaggieMcGuire’sviewpointiswrong
　　[C]manyparentsthinkthatchildrenreadindependentlyisthebestthing
　　[D]thereislittledifferencebetweenfrequentreadersandinfrequentreaders
　　24.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtoParagraphs4-5?
　　[A]Childrenwholiketoreadareusuallyinfluencedbyparents.
　　[B]Thefamilyatmosphereiscrucialtochildren’sreadingbehavior.
　　[C]Noobviousevidenceprovesreadingaloudatolderagescanstrengthenreadingcomprehension.
　　[D]Someliteracyexpertsbelievethereisnosignificancetoreadaloudforolderchildren.
　　25.PamAllynarguesthattheadvantageofread-aloudisthat_______.
　　[A]itcanenlargechildren’svocabulary
　　[B]itcanreallyimprovechildren’sreadingability
　　[C]it’shelpfultoenrichchildren’sknowledge
　　[D]it’sbeneficialforchildrentounderstandsophisticatedlanguage
Text2
　　WomenhavebeendrivingyellowcabsinNewYorksincethe1940s,but99%ofdriversaremale.Evenamongdriversofcarsbookedbyphoneoronline,only4%arewomen.ThatmaychangewiththelaunchofSheTaxis,anappthatletsfemalepassengersinsistonfemaledrivers,andviceversa.
　　ItwillbeavailableinNewYorkCity,WestchesterandLongIsland,andthefirmplansto
　　expandtoothercities.StellaMateo,thefounder,isbettingthatquiteafewwomenarenervousandwearyofgettingintocarsdrivenbymen.Theservicemayalsoappealtothosewhosereligiousbeliefsforbidthemtotravelwithunrelatedmen.Eachdriverwearsapinkpashmina.Menwhoaskforaridewillbedirectedtoanothercarservice.
　　SimilarservicesthriveinIndia,SouthAfricaandseveralMiddleEasterncities.Japanhashadwomen-onlyrailwaycarriagesonandoffsince1912.Knownashanadensha(flowertrains),theyoffershelterfromthegroperswhomakerushhourinTokyosodisagreeable.
　　ButSheTaxisfacestwospeedbumps.Oneispractical.Demandhasbeensogreatthatthefirmhashadtodecelerateitslaunchuntilitcanrecruit500drivers.Theotherobstacleislegal.Byemployingonlyfemaledrivers,SheTaxisisobviouslydiscriminatingagainstmen.Sinceanti-discriminationlawisnotalwaysappliedwithcommonsense,thatmaybeillegal.Andthereisnoshortageofpotentiallitigants.YellowcabbiesarefuriousatthegrowthofonlinetaxifirmssuchasUber.“It’snothardtoimagineaguy...filingsuit,”saysSylviaLawofNewYorkUniversityLawSchool.“SheTaxis’defencewouldprobablybethatitsdriversareallindependentcontractors.”
　　Becausethefirmcatersonlytowomen,itisdiscriminatingagainstmalecustomers,too.Isthatlegal?AngelaCornellofCornellLawSchoolthinkstherecouldbealoophole.NewYork’sHumanRightsCommissioncouldmakeanexemptiononthegroundthatSheTaxioffersaservicethatisinthepublicinterest:womenfeelsafernotgettingintocarswithstrangemen.Women-onlycollegesareallowed,sowhynotwomen-onlycabs?Thesnagisthatsomemenmayalsofeelsafergettingintocabswithfemaledrivers.Astudyin2010foundthat80%ofcrashesinNewYorkCitythatkillorseriouslyinjurepedestriansinvolvemaledrivers.Womendriversaresimplybetter.
　　26.WecanlearnfromthefirstparagraphthatSheTaxis_______.
　　[A]willincreasewomendrivingyellowcabs
　　[B]willchangethemarketofbookingtaxisonline
　　[C]allowsfemaledriverstoonlychoosefemalepassengers
　　[D]letsmalepassengersinsistonmaledrivers
　　27.ItcanbeinferredthattheserviceofSheTaxismayappealto_______.
　　[A]womenwhoarenervousabouttaxidrivers
　　[B]womenwithcertainreligiousbeliefs
　　[C]womenwhoaretiredoftakingtaxis
　　[D]menwhoaskforaride
　　28.Theword“gropers”(Para.3)probablyrefersto_______.
　　[A]peoplewhocauseatrafficjam
　　[B]menwhomakesexualharassmenttowomen
　　[C]menwhocausetherushhourinTokyo
　　[D]peoplewhomaketakingtrainsdisagreeable
　　29.IfSheTaxisisaccusedofdiscriminatingagainstmen,itmay_______.
　　[A]decelerateitslaunchasanonlinetaxifirm
　　[B]employbothmaleandfemaledrivers
　　[C]makeanti-discriminationlawnotapplicable
　　[D]springtothedefenceofitsdrivers
　　30.SheTaxismaybeexemptfromillegalitybyNewYork’sHumanRightsCommissionbecause_______.
　　[A]itsserviceprovidedisbasedonthepublicinterest
　　[B]itdiscriminatesagainstmalepassengers
　　[C]itprovidesservicealsoformalepassengers
　　[D]itdecreasescrashescausedbymaledrivers
　Text3
　　Psychologistshaveknownforacenturythatindividualsvaryintheircognitiveability.Butaresomegroups,likesomepeople,reliablysmarterthanothers?Inordertoanswerthatquestion.wegrouped697volunteerparticipantsintoteamsoftwotofivemembers.Eachteamworkedtogethertocompleteaseriesofshorttasks,whichwereselectedtorepresentthevariedkindsofproblemsthatgroupsarecalledupontosolveintherealworld.Onetaskinvolvedlogicalanalysis,anotherbrainstorming;othersemphasizedcoordination,planningandmoralreasoning.
　　Individualintelligence,aspsychologistsmeasureit,isdefinedbyitsgenerality:Peoplewithgoodvocabularies,forinstance,alsotendtohavegoodmathskills,eventhoughweoftenthinkofthoseabilitiesasdistinct.Theresultsofourstudiesshowedthatthissamekindofgeneralintelligencealsoexistsforteams.Onaverage,thegroupsthatdidwellononetaskdidwellontheothers,too.Inotherwords,someteamsweresimplysmarterthanothers.
　　Wefoundthesmartestteamsweredistinguishedbythreecharacteristics.First,theirmemberscontributedmoreequallytotheteam’sdiscussions,ratherthanlettingoneortwopeopledominatethegroup.Second,theirmembersscoredhigheronatestcalledReadingtheMindintheEyes,whichmeasureshowwellpeoplecanreadcomplexemotionalstatesfromimagesoffaceswithonlytheeyesvisible.Finally,teamswithmorewomenoutperformedteamswithmoremen.Thislasteffect,however,waspartlyexplainedbythefactthatwomen,onaverage,werebetterat“mindreading”thanmen.
　　Inanewstudy,wereplicatedtheseearlierfindings.Werandomlyassignedeachof68teamstocompleteourcollectiveintelligencetestinoneoftwoconditions.Halfoftheteamsworkedfacetoface.Theotherhalfworkedonline,withnoabilitytoseeanyoftheirteammates.Wewantedtoseewhethergroupsthatworkedonlinewouldstilldemonstratecollectiveintelligence,andwhethersocialabilitywouldmatterasmuchwhenpeoplecommunicatedpurelybytypingmessagesintoabrowser.
　　Andtheydid.Onlineandoff,someteamsconsistentlyworkedsmarterthanothers.Moresurprisingly,themostimportantingredientsforasmartteamremainedconstantregardlessofitsmodeofinteraction:memberswhocommunicatedalot,participatedequallyandpossessedgoodemotion-readingskills.
　　31.Itcanbeinferredfromthefirstparagraphthat________.
　　[A]somegroupsarereallysmarterthanothers
　　[B]the697volunteerparticipantsneedtocompleteaseriesofshorttaskstogether
　　[C]theselectedshorttasksmusthavepracticalsignificance
　　[D]logicalanalysisandbrainstormingareimportantineachtask
　　32.Accordingtopsychologists,individualintelligence________.
　　[A]ischaracterizedbygenerality[B]isrelatedtomathskills
　　[C]isnotrelatedtoteams[D]iskeytosmarterteams
　　33.Accordingtotheauthor,thecharacteristicsofsmarterteamsincludeallthefollowingEX-CEPT________.
　　[A]Themembershaverelativelyequalcontributiontotheteam’sdiscussions
　　[B]ThemembershaveahigherIQ
　　[C]Themembershaveastrongerabilityofreadingcomplexfacialexpressions
　　[D]Therearemorefemalemembersthanotherteams
　　34.Inanewstudy,theotherhalfofpeopleworkonlinebecause________.
　　[A]it’snecessarytoensuretheaccuracyoftheexperiment
　　[B]onlinecollaborationisbecomingmoreandmoreimportant
　　[C]theexperimenterswanttoseewhethercollectiveintelligencewillbeshowed
　　[D]theexperimenterswanttoprovesocialabilityisvitaltoeveryteam
　　35.Thebesttitleforthepassagemaybe________.
　　[A]HowtoDevelopaSmarterTeam
　　[B]WhySomeTeamsAreSmarterThanOthers
　　[C]TheCharacteristicsofSmarterTeam
　　[D]WhatFactorscanAffectaTeam
Text4
　　Overtheweekend,NASA’snewestMarsrover,theCuriosity,whichlandedearlyonAug.6afteraneight-monthflight,startedsendingbacka360-degreehigh-resolutionpanoramaofitssurroundings.
　　AtanewsconferenceonWednesday,JohnP.Grotzinger,aprofessorofgeologyattheCalifor-niaInstituteofTechnologywhoservesasthemission’sprojectscientist,comparedtheviewwithaplacejustafewhours’drivefromPasadena,Calif,andNASA’sJetPropulsionLaboratory,therover’sbirthplace.“YouwouldreallybeforgivenforthinkingthatNASAwastryingtopullafastoneonyou,”hesaid,“andweactuallyputaroveroutintheMojaveDesertandtookapicture—alittleL.A.(LosAngeles)smogcominginthere.”Headded,“Toacertainextent,thefirstimpressionyougetishowEarth-likeitseems.”
　　WheretheCuriosityactuallysitsisa96-mile-widecraternamedGaleneartheMartianequator.Tothenorth,theimagesshowpartofthecraterrimthatisbelievedtohavebeenerodedbyflowingwater.Tothesouthisa3.4-mile-highpeakthatthescientistscallMountSharp,whichCuriosityismeanttoreachandtoclimb.ByinvestigatingthelayersofsedimentaryrockonMountSharp,mis-
　　sionscientistshopetoreconstructtheclimateandenvironmentofearlyMarsandtellwhetheritcouldhavebeenoncebeenhabitableforlife.
　　ThephotosalsoshowmarksthatCuriosityhasmadeatthelandingsite.AsCuriositywasloweredtothesurfaceofMars,blastsfromthedescent-stageenginescreatedindentationsinthenearbysoil,exposingthebedrockbelow.Thisexposedbedrockislikelytobeoneofthefirstareasofscientificexplorationontherover’splannedtwo-yearjourney.
　　Aftertheflawlesslanding,thefirstweekofoperationsoftheroveronthegroundalsoproceededalmostperfectly,too,asengineersstartedcheckingouttherover’ssystem,deployedthehigh-gainantenna,andraisedthemastthatholdsthecameras.
　　Sofar,nosignificanttroublehasarisen.Theweatherinstrumentexperiencedaproblemthatengineersfiguredoutadaylater.Therover’sinternaltemperaturesareslightlywarmerthanexpected,possiblybecausethecrateriswarmerthanpredictedorbecauseNASA’scomputermodelsofCuriositywerenotquiteright.Worriesaboutoverheatingcouldputconstraintsonwhencertaininstrumentscanbeused.Buttheheatisalsoaboon,reducingtheenergyCuriosityneedsto
　　warmupitsjointsandwheelsbeforemoving.
　　36.Thephrase“pullafast”(Para.2)mostprobablymeans________.
　　[A]hasten[B]conceal[C]deceive[D]beautify
　　37.WhereistheroverCuriosity’sreallocation?
　　[A]InthemiddleMojaveDesertnearitsbirthplaceintheUS.
　　[B]TothesouthofcraterGalethatisneartheMartianequator.
　　[C]NeartheMartianequatorwhichiserodedbyflowingwater.
　　[D]Ontopofa3.4-mile-highpeakwhichusedtobehabitable.
　　38.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattherover’sinvestigation________.
　　[A]islikelytostartwiththestudyoftherocksonMars
　　[B]isdeterminedonthereconstructionoftheclimateonMars
　　[C]startedimmediatelyaftertherover’sperfectlanding
　　[D]canonlybeginafteraweek’spreparationontheground
　　39.Whatcausedtherover’sunexpectedwarmerinternaltemperature?
　　[A]Aminorproblemoftheweatherinstrument.
　　[B]ProblemsofNASA’scomputermodelsofCuriosity.
　　[C]Theimpactontheroverduringlanding.
　　[D]Overheatingofcertaininstrumentintherover.
　　40.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?
　　[A]HowearthlikethesurfaceofMarsis.[B]ThesuccesslandingofCuriosity.
　　[C]NASA’sachievementininvestigatingMars.[D]HowfarthemissionofCuriosityhasgone.